The below infographic presents more details on the difference between Homo and Lumo. Moreover, the presence of HOMO is characteristic for nucleophiles while the presence of LUMO is characteristic for electrophiles. As the key difference between Homo and Lumo, we can say that the HOMO can donate electrons whereas the LUMO can receive electrons. Both these forms of orbitals are important in covalent chemical bonding, especially in pi bond formation. HOMO stands for highest occupied molecular orbital while the term LUMO stands for lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. What is the Difference Between Homo and Lumo? Apart from that, these molecular orbitals are characteristic for electrophilic substances. This is because the energy of these orbitals is very high and electrons tend to occupy in low energy levels first. As its name implies, these orbitals are unoccupied thus, contains no electrons. These molecular orbitals can receive electrons from HOMO. LUMO stands for lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. Moreover, in the presence of light, electron excitations can donate electrons from HOMO to LUMO. This is why we call them “occupied orbitals”. Therefore, electrons tend to hold in these molecular orbitals because electrons try to fill into the low energy levels first. The presence of these molecular orbitals is characteristic for nucleophilic substances. These molecular orbitals are the most available form for covalent chemical bonding. This is because these molecular orbitals contain weakly attached electrons. The electrons in these molecular orbitals can be donated to the LUMO type molecular orbitals. HOMO stands for highest occupied molecular orbital.

Side by Side Comparison – Homo vs Lumo in Tabular Form When forming these molecular orbitals, they split into two forms as HOMO and LUMO. This electron sharing forms a covalent bond between the atoms. Molecular orbitals form from the combination of atomic orbitals of two separate atoms in order to share their electrons. A molecular orbital gives the most probable location of an electron in an atom. The term HOMO stands for “highest occupied molecular orbital” while the term LUMO stands for “lowest unoccupied molecular orbital”. The terms HOMO and LUMO are under the subtopic “ molecular orbital theory” in general chemistry. This strategy and insight provided by molecular orbital theory and kinetics-controlled process offer a feasible pathway of molecular-level design for constructing high-performance Zn-organic batteries.The key difference between Homo and Lumo is that the HOMO donates electrons whereas the LUMO receives electrons. Besides, the charge storage mechanism was systematically investigated through experiments and density functional theory calculation, showing that C N moieties are the active site for the storage of H +/Zn 2+. With such a decoration, HATN-3CN exhibits an outstanding rate capacity with retention of 60.7% of the initial capacity at 400 times the initial current density and long cycle life of over 5800 cycles. Herein, strong electron-withdrawing and conjugating groups (-CN) were introduced to lower the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy on an aromatic Schiff base (Hexaazatrinnphthalene, denoted as HATN). To achieve high-performance Zn-organic batteries, intentional organic molecular design and a deep understanding of the mechanism of Zn-organic batteries are highly essential. Despite the development of quinone as the potential cathode material for Zn-organic batteries, there are undesired behaviors for the rate and cycling performances.

Homo and lumo organic chemistry